diff --git a/backend/package.json b/backend/package.json
index b20dfdd8..b65ccfc9 100644
--- a/backend/package.json
+++ b/backend/package.json
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
     "test:live-maps": "tsx src/services/ospf-route-parse.test.ts && tsx src/services/vxlan-live.test.ts && tsx src/services/containers-live.test.ts && tsx src/services/firewall-poll.test.ts && tsx src/services/gre-catalog-poll.test.ts && tsx src/routes/filters-gre-catalog.test.ts && tsx src/routes/bgp-catalog.test.ts && tsx src/services/bgp-catalog-parse.test.ts && tsx src/routes/ospf-catalog.test.ts && tsx src/services/ospf-observed-values.test.ts",
     "test": "npm run test:alert-engine && npm run test:auth && npm run test:wireguard && npm run test:traffic-rate && npm run test:traffic-flow && npm run test:users && npm run test:pg && npm run test:backups && npm run test:live-maps && npm run test:ospf-optimizer && npm run test:recursive-routes && npm run test:config-sync && npm run test:ros-file",
     "test:geoip": "tsx src/services/traffic-flow-geoip.test.ts",
-    "test:ospf-optimizer": "tsx src/services/ospf-optimizer-plan.test.ts && tsx src/routes/ospf-optimizer.test.ts"
+    "test:ospf-optimizer": "tsx src/services/ospf-optimizer-metrics.test.ts && tsx src/services/ospf-optimizer-plan.test.ts && tsx src/routes/ospf-optimizer.test.ts"
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@aws-sdk/client-s3": "^3.888.0",
diff --git a/backend/src/routes/ospf-optimizer.test.ts b/backend/src/routes/ospf-optimizer.test.ts
index 0a0a10fc..4873e4f0 100644
--- a/backend/src/routes/ospf-optimizer.test.ts
+++ b/backend/src/routes/ospf-optimizer.test.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ await app.register(createOspfRoutes({
 }),{prefix:"/api"})
 const send=(preview=false,body:unknown={pingWeight:60})=>app.inject({method:"POST",url:"/api/servers/1/ospf/optimize"+(preview?"/preview":""),payload:body})
 const preview=await send(true);assert.equal(preview.statusCode,200);assert.equal(preview.json().changedCount,1);assert.equal(preview.json().pingWeight,60);assert.equal(writes,0)
+const unknown={value:null,source:"unknown",sourceId:null,measuredAt:null};
+plan=[{...row,observed:{ping:{value:0,source:"speed-probe",sourceId:"p",measuredAt:"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"},dl:unknown,ul:unknown}}];
+const withObserved=await send(true);assert.equal(withObserved.json().interfaces[0].observed.ping.value,0);assert.equal(withObserved.json().changes[0].observed.ping.source,"speed-probe");
+const beforeBad=writes;plan=[{...row,observed:{ping:{value:-1,source:"speed-probe",sourceId:"p",measuredAt:null},dl:unknown,ul:unknown}}];assert.equal((await send()).statusCode,500);assert.equal(writes,beforeBad);
+plan=[row];
 const applied=await send();assert.equal(applied.statusCode,200);assert.equal(applied.json().optimizedCount,1);assert.equal(applied.json().applied.length,1);assert.equal(writes,1)
 for(const invalid of [null,{},[row,row],[{...row,currentCost:0}],[{...row,optimalCost:65536}],[{...row,id:""}]]){
  plan=invalid;const before=writes;assert.equal((await send()).statusCode,500);assert.equal(writes,before)
diff --git a/backend/src/routes/ospf.ts b/backend/src/routes/ospf.ts
index d41e1e26..8405e523 100644
--- a/backend/src/routes/ospf.ts
+++ b/backend/src/routes/ospf.ts
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ import type {
 } from "../types/server.js"
 import { parseOspfGateway, parseOspfRouteType, parseOspfCatalogRouteType } from "../services/ospf-route-parse.js"
 import { z } from "zod"
+import {readOspfOptimizerObserved} from "../services/ospf-optimizer-metrics.js"
+import type {OspfOptimizerObserved} from "@mmapp/contracts"
 import {readEditableOspfTemplates,validateOspfOptimizationPlan} from "../services/ospf-optimizer-plan.js"
 import { observedInteger, observedDurationMs, observedBoolean } from "../services/ospf-observed-values.js"
 import { pollOspfCatalog, readOspfCatalogRaw, type OspfCatalogCollections } from "../services/ospf-catalog-poll.js"
@@ -338,6 +340,7 @@ async function measurePingByInterface(
 }
 
 type OspfRankedInterface = {
+  observed?: OspfOptimizerObserved
   id: string
   interface: string
   currentCost: number
@@ -556,6 +559,7 @@ async function buildOspfOptimizationPlan(server: ServerRow, pingWeight: number):
 
       return {
         id: iface.id,
+        observed: readOspfOptimizerObserved(bestProbe,t),
         interface: iface.interface,
         currentCost: iface.cost,
         pingMs,
diff --git a/backend/src/services/ospf-optimizer-metrics.test.ts b/backend/src/services/ospf-optimizer-metrics.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3a01880a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/services/ospf-optimizer-metrics.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import assert from "node:assert/strict"
+import {readOspfOptimizerObserved} from "./ospf-optimizer-metrics.js"
+const probe={id:"p",lastPingRttMs:0,lastPingAt:"2020-01-01 00:00:00+00",lastTxAvgMbps:0,lastRxAvgMbps:null}
+const traffic={interfaceName:"ether1",rxBps:1234567,txBps:0,sampledAt:"2020-01-02 00:00:00+00"}
+const observed=readOspfOptimizerObserved(probe,traffic)
+assert.deepEqual(observed.ping,{value:0,source:"speed-probe",sourceId:"p",measuredAt:"2020-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"})
+assert.equal(observed.dl.value,0);assert.equal(observed.dl.source,"speed-probe");assert.equal(observed.dl.measuredAt,null)
+assert.equal(observed.ul.value,0);assert.equal(observed.ul.source,"interface-traffic");assert.equal(observed.ul.measuredAt,"2020-01-02T00:00:00.000Z")
+assert.equal(readOspfOptimizerObserved(undefined,traffic).dl.value,1.234567)
+assert.deepEqual(readOspfOptimizerObserved(undefined,undefined),{ping:{value:null,source:"unknown",sourceId:null,measuredAt:null},dl:{value:null,source:"unknown",sourceId:null,measuredAt:null},ul:{value:null,source:"unknown",sourceId:null,measuredAt:null}})
+assert.throws(()=>readOspfOptimizerObserved({...probe,lastPingRttMs:-1},traffic))
+assert.throws(()=>readOspfOptimizerObserved({...probe,lastPingAt:"invalid"},traffic))
+assert.throws(()=>readOspfOptimizerObserved(undefined,{...traffic,txBps:-1}))
+console.log("OSPF observed metrics: raw zero/null/fractions, provenance/old timestamps, no speed date inference; no DB/RouterOS")
diff --git a/backend/src/services/ospf-optimizer-metrics.ts b/backend/src/services/ospf-optimizer-metrics.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7f87006e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/services/ospf-optimizer-metrics.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import {ospfOptimizerObservedSchema,type OspfOptimizerObserved} from "@mmapp/contracts"
+interface Probe {id:string;lastPingRttMs:number|null;lastPingAt:string|null;lastTxAvgMbps:number|null;lastRxAvgMbps:number|null}
+interface Traffic {interfaceName:string;rxBps:number;txBps:number;sampledAt:string}
+const unknown=()=>({value:null,source:"unknown" as const,sourceId:null,measuredAt:null})
+function timestamp(value:string|null){return value===null?null:new Date(value).toISOString()}
+export function readOspfOptimizerObserved(probe:Probe|undefined,traffic:Traffic|undefined):OspfOptimizerObserved{
+ function speed(value:number|null|undefined,field:"rxBps"|"txBps"){
+  if(value!=null&&probe)return {value,source:"speed-probe" as const,sourceId:probe.id,measuredAt:null}
+  if(traffic)return {value:traffic[field]/1_000_000,source:"interface-traffic" as const,sourceId:traffic.interfaceName,measuredAt:timestamp(traffic.sampledAt)}
+  return unknown()
+ }
+ return ospfOptimizerObservedSchema.parse({
+  ping:probe?.lastPingRttMs!=null?{value:probe.lastPingRttMs,source:"speed-probe",sourceId:probe.id,measuredAt:timestamp(probe.lastPingAt)}:unknown(),
+  dl:speed(probe?.lastTxAvgMbps,"rxBps"),ul:speed(probe?.lastRxAvgMbps,"txBps"),
+ })
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/services/ospf-optimizer-plan.ts b/backend/src/services/ospf-optimizer-plan.ts
index 8a9a4b7b..308daca0 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/ospf-optimizer-plan.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/ospf-optimizer-plan.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import {z} from "zod"
+import {ospfOptimizerObservedSchema} from "@mmapp/contracts"
 import {observedBoolean,observedInteger} from "./ospf-observed-values.js"
 const templateSchema=z.array(z.object({".id":z.string().trim().min(1),interfaces:z.string().optional(),cost:z.string().optional(),disabled:z.string().optional()}))
 export function readEditableOspfTemplates(payload:unknown){
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ export function readEditableOspfTemplates(payload:unknown){
  })
 }
 const measured=z.number().finite().nonnegative()
-const rowSchema=z.object({id:z.string().trim().min(1),interface:z.string().trim().min(1),currentCost:z.number().int().min(1).max(65535),optimalCost:z.number().int().min(1).max(65535),score:z.number().finite(),pingMs:measured,dlMbps:measured,ulMbps:measured})
+const rowSchema=z.object({observed:ospfOptimizerObservedSchema.optional(),id:z.string().trim().min(1),interface:z.string().trim().min(1),currentCost:z.number().int().min(1).max(65535),optimalCost:z.number().int().min(1).max(65535),score:z.number().finite(),pingMs:measured,dlMbps:measured,ulMbps:measured})
 export function validateOspfOptimizationPlan(payload:unknown){
  const parsed=z.array(rowSchema).safeParse(payload)
  if(!parsed.success || new Set(parsed.data.map(row=>row.id)).size!==parsed.data.length || new Set(parsed.data.map(row=>row.interface)).size!==parsed.data.length)throw new Error("Недостоверный план оптимизации OSPF")
diff --git a/components/data-grids/route-optimizer-ospf-preview-data-grid.tsx b/components/data-grids/route-optimizer-ospf-preview-data-grid.tsx
index 82d38d0f..fc8bf32e 100644
--- a/components/data-grids/route-optimizer-ospf-preview-data-grid.tsx
+++ b/components/data-grids/route-optimizer-ospf-preview-data-grid.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import { dataGridFeatures, type DataGridFeatures } from "@/components/reui/data-grid"
 
 import { useMemo } from "react"
+import type {OspfOptimizerObserved} from "@mmapp/contracts"
 import {
   type ColumnDef,
   useTable,
@@ -17,7 +18,15 @@ import { DataGridSortHeader } from "@/components/data-grids/shared/data-grid-sor
 import { EmptyState } from "@/components/empty-state"
 import { NetworkIcon } from "lucide-react"
 
+function describeObserved(metric:OspfOptimizerObserved["ping"]|undefined,unit:string){
+ if(!metric || metric.value===null)return "Измерение: —"
+ const source=metric.source==="speed-probe"?"Проба":"Трафик интерфейса"
+ const date=metric.measuredAt?new Date(metric.measuredAt).toLocaleString("ru-RU"):"дата неизвестна"
+ return source+": "+metric.value+" "+unit+" · "+date
+}
+
 export interface OspfPreviewInterfaceRow {
+  observed?: OspfOptimizerObserved
   id: string
   interface: string
   currentCost: number
@@ -88,19 +97,19 @@ function RouteOptimizerOspfPreviewDataGrid({
       {
         id: "pingMs",
         accessorKey: "pingMs",
-        header: ({ column }) => <DataGridSortHeader column={column} title="Ping" />,
-        cell: ({ row }) => <span className="font-mono">{row.original.pingMs}ms</span>,
-        meta: { headerTitle: "Ping", headerClassName: DATA_GRID_CELL_PAD, cellClassName: DATA_GRID_CELL_PAD },
+        header: ({ column }) => <DataGridSortHeader column={column} title="Ping модели" />,
+        cell: ({ row }) => <div><span className="font-mono">{row.original.pingMs}ms</span><p className="text-[10px] text-muted-foreground">{describeObserved(row.original.observed?.ping,"мс")}</p></div>,
+        meta: { headerTitle: "Ping модели", headerClassName: DATA_GRID_CELL_PAD, cellClassName: DATA_GRID_CELL_PAD },
       },
       {
         id: "speed",
-        header: () => <span className="text-xs font-medium text-muted-foreground">Speed (dl/ul)</span>,
+        header: () => <span className="text-xs font-medium text-muted-foreground">Speed (dl/ul) · модель</span>,
         enableSorting: false,
         cell: ({ row }) => {
           const r = row.original
           return (
             <span className="font-mono">
-              ↓{r.dlMbps} / ↑{r.ulMbps}
+              ↓{r.dlMbps} / ↑{r.ulMbps}<span className="block text-[10px] text-muted-foreground">↓ {describeObserved(r.observed?.dl,"Мбит/с")}<br />↑ {describeObserved(r.observed?.ul,"Мбит/с")}</span>
             </span>
           )
         },
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui-progress.md b/docs/ux-ui-progress.md
index 2e235211..fa4f6b47 100644
--- a/docs/ux-ui-progress.md
+++ b/docs/ux-ui-progress.md
@@ -26,11 +26,19 @@
 | 7 | Серверы и мониторинг: детали, формы, URL-контекст, права | Завершён в границах локальной приёмки 2026-09-23; внешние ограничения ниже |
 | 8 | Трафик и статистика | Завершён 2026-09-28 в границах локальной приёмки; ограничения в блоке 8.13 |
 | 9 | VPN, Firewall и Filters | Завершён в границах локальной приёмки 2026-09-30; блоки 9.1–9.64, ограничения в 9.64 |
-| 10 | Маршрутизация, диагностика, карта и терминал | В работе: 10.1–10.39; исходные WAN/JH метрики отделены от модели, далее backend OSPF provenance |
+| 10 | Маршрутизация, диагностика, карта и терминал | В работе: 10.1–10.40; OSPF provenance добавлен, далее идентичность Router ID и визуальная приёмка |
 | 11А | Пользователи, контейнеры, сертификаты и резервные копии | Не начат |
 | 11Б | Оповещения, сбор данных, интеграции, релизы и настройки | Не начат |
 | 12 | Итоговая доступность, адаптивность, производительность и регрессия | Не начат |
 
+## Блок 10.40 — происхождение метрик OSPF API (2026-10-01)
+
+- Общий контракт @mmapp/contracts: value/source/sourceId/measuredAt для Ping/DL/UL. Источники speed-probe, interface-traffic, unknown; неизвестность не становится нулём. Задержка трафиком не измеряется. Backend добавляет observed данные до валидации ranked plan; некорректные данные отклоняются до write. Ranking/model defaults прежние.
+- Исходные нули, дроби и давние даты сохраняются. Timestamp Ping пробы не используется как время speed; traffic snapshot даёт собственную дату и bps/1e6. Задержка серверных snapshot остаётся только модельным fallback, не измерением интерфейса.
+- Preview показывает модель и исходный снимок раздельно. Старые ответы без optional observed совместимы, но их измерения отображаются неизвестными. UI не выдаёт model-only API поля за observed.
+- Проверки: backend metric/parser/HTTP optimizer tests, test:live-maps, 30 E2E observed/preview/apply/tables, TS/lint, production frontend/backend прошли. ReUI consumer-композиция сохранена.
+- Далее: убрать неоднозначность Router ID в backend optimizer (сейчас first-match при опросе), затем обновить screenshots и локальную приёмку оптимизатора. Настоящие RouterOS/БД запросы не выполнялись.
+
 ## Блок 10.39 — исходные метрики цепочек оптимизатора (2026-10-01)
 
 - Live WAN–JH/JH–Exit сохраняют observed record отдельно от model полей. Исходные 0, дроби, null и дата пробы не округляются/не ограничиваются WAN cap. Расчётные поля и ranking остаются прежними.
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui-stage-10.md b/docs/ux-ui-stage-10.md
index 1a68cabe..e3ee152f 100644
--- a/docs/ux-ui-stage-10.md
+++ b/docs/ux-ui-stage-10.md
@@ -208,3 +208,7 @@ server сохраняет выбор/reload/history без потери друг
 ## 10.39. Observed метрики WAN–JH/JH–Exit
 
 Исходные значения/дата пробы отдельно от неизменной модели. Матрица не подменяет unknown моделью, полные цепочки явно расчётные. 2 unit, 9 E2E, TS/lint и ReUI audit прошли. Далее backend OSPF provenance; screenshots ещё требуют обновления.
+
+## 10.40. OSPF provenance API
+
+Shared контракт и backend observed исходные значения/даты, UI модель отдельно от снимка. Legacy без observed даёт неизвестность; rank/write прежние. Backend optimizer/live-maps, 30 E2E, TS/lint и обе production сборки прошли. Далее Router ID ambiguity, затем visual acceptance.
diff --git a/lib/ospf-response.ts b/lib/ospf-response.ts
index 8789db0a..de7c7e92 100644
--- a/lib/ospf-response.ts
+++ b/lib/ospf-response.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { z } from "zod"
+import {ospfOptimizerObservedSchema} from "@mmapp/contracts"
 import { vxlanServersSchema } from "@/lib/vxlan-response"
 const counter = z.number().int().nonnegative()
 const base = z.object({ id: z.string().trim().min(1), serverId: z.number().int().positive(), serverName: z.string(), serverSite: z.string(), serverCountry: z.string().default("UN") })
@@ -20,5 +21,5 @@ export const ospfOptimizeSchema = z.object({
   serverId: z.number().int().positive(), serverName: z.string(), pingWeight: z.number().int().min(0).max(100),
   optimizedCount: z.number().int().nonnegative(),
   applied: z.array(z.object({ interface: z.string().min(1), from: z.number().int().min(1).max(65535), to: z.number().int().min(1).max(65535) })),
-  interfaces: z.array(z.object({ id: z.string().trim().min(1), interface: z.string(), currentCost: z.number().int().min(1).max(65535), optimalCost: z.number().int().min(1).max(65535), score: z.number().finite(), pingMs: z.number().finite().nonnegative(), dlMbps: z.number().finite().nonnegative(), ulMbps: z.number().finite().nonnegative() })),
+  interfaces: z.array(z.object({ observed: ospfOptimizerObservedSchema.optional(), id: z.string().trim().min(1), interface: z.string(), currentCost: z.number().int().min(1).max(65535), optimalCost: z.number().int().min(1).max(65535), score: z.number().finite(), pingMs: z.number().finite().nonnegative(), dlMbps: z.number().finite().nonnegative(), ulMbps: z.number().finite().nonnegative() })),
 }).refine(data => data.optimizedCount === data.applied.length && new Set(data.interfaces.map(row => row.id)).size === data.interfaces.length && new Set(data.applied.map(row => row.interface)).size === data.applied.length && data.applied.every(row => data.interfaces.some(iface => iface.interface === row.interface && iface.currentCost === row.from && iface.optimalCost === row.to)))
diff --git a/packages/contracts/src/index.ts b/packages/contracts/src/index.ts
index 0ad33764..728e0f72 100644
--- a/packages/contracts/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/contracts/src/index.ts
@@ -9,3 +9,5 @@ export * from "./users.js"
 export * from "./traffic-flow.js"
 export * from "./geoip.js"
 export * from "./statistics.js"
+
+export * from "./ospf-optimizer.js"
diff --git a/packages/contracts/src/ospf-optimizer.ts b/packages/contracts/src/ospf-optimizer.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5af8e4be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/contracts/src/ospf-optimizer.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import {z} from "zod"
+export const ospfOptimizerMetricSchema=z.object({
+ value:z.number().finite().nonnegative().nullable(),
+ source:z.enum(["speed-probe","interface-traffic","unknown"]),
+ sourceId:z.string().min(1).nullable(),
+ measuredAt:z.string().datetime({offset:true}).nullable(),
+}).refine(metric=>metric.value===null ? metric.source==="unknown"&&metric.sourceId===null&&metric.measuredAt===null : metric.source!=="unknown"&&metric.sourceId!==null)
+export const ospfOptimizerObservedSchema=z.object({ping:ospfOptimizerMetricSchema,dl:ospfOptimizerMetricSchema,ul:ospfOptimizerMetricSchema}).refine(observed=>observed.ping.source!=="interface-traffic")
+export type OspfOptimizerObserved=z.infer<typeof ospfOptimizerObservedSchema>
diff --git a/tests/e2e/route-optimizer-observed.spec.ts b/tests/e2e/route-optimizer-observed.spec.ts
index 089f5b07..12662ef2 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/route-optimizer-observed.spec.ts
+++ b/tests/e2e/route-optimizer-observed.spec.ts
@@ -13,3 +13,17 @@ for(const hasProbe of [true,false])test("Оптимизатор: исходны
  await page.getByRole("button",{name:"Маршруты (1)",exact:true}).click()
  await expect(page.getByRole("table").filter({hasText:"# Маршрут"})).toContainText("Ping модели")
 })
+
+test("Оптимизатор: OSPF исходный ноль и происхождение метрик",async({page})=>{
+ const unknown={value:null,source:"unknown",sourceId:null,measuredAt:null}
+ const item={id:"i",interface:"ether1",currentCost:10,optimalCost:20,score:50,pingMs:1,dlMbps:10,ulMbps:10,observed:{ping:{value:0,source:"speed-probe",sourceId:"p",measuredAt:"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z"},dl:unknown,ul:{value:0,source:"interface-traffic",sourceId:"ether1",measuredAt:"2020-01-02T00:00:00Z"}}}
+ await page.route("**/health",r=>r.fulfill({json:{ok:true}}))
+ await page.route("**/api/**",r=>{const p=new URL(r.request().url()).pathname;return r.fulfill({json:p==="/api/auth/config"?{required:false}:p==="/api/servers"?[{id:1,name:"Router",host:"192.0.2.1",type:"home-router",country:"RU",enabled:true,status:null}]:p==="/api/filters/rules"?{rulesets:[]}:p==="/api/uptime/speed-probes"?{probes:[]}:p==="/api/ospf/catalog"?{interfaces:[],instances:[],neighbors:[],bfdSessions:[],routes:[],failures:[]}:p.endsWith("/preview")?{serverId:1,serverName:"Router",pingWeight:60,interfacesTotal:1,changedCount:1,unchangedCount:0,interfaces:[item],changes:[item]}:{}})})
+ await page.goto("/route-optimizer")
+ const grid=page.getByRole("table").filter({hasText:"Speed (dl/ul)"})
+ await expect(grid).toContainText("Ping модели")
+ await expect(grid).toContainText("1ms")
+ await expect(grid).toContainText("Проба: 0 мс")
+ await expect(grid).toContainText("Измерение: —")
+ await expect(grid).toContainText("Трафик интерфейса: 0 Мбит/с")
+})