feat(ipsec): add certificate export functionality by name

- Implemented a new backend route for exporting existing client certificates in .p12 format by name.
- Enhanced the frontend to support exporting certificates directly from the IPsec server grid.
- Updated the IPsec page to manage certificate states and handle exports effectively.
- Introduced new utility functions for certificate handling and improved data structures to accommodate the changes.
- Added tests to ensure the reliability of the new certificate export feature.

app/(main)/ipsec/page.tsx

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ import {
   deleteIpsecPeer,
   deleteIpsecServer,
   deleteIpsecUser,
+  exportIpsecCertByName,
   exportIpsecUserCert,
   initIpsecServer,
   listIpsec,
@@ -97,6 +98,7 @@ const MOCK_IPSEC_SERVERS: IpsecServerSummaryDto[] = [
     serverId: "srv2",
     serverName: "mt-spb-edge-01",
     initialized: true,
+    ike2Ready: true,
     serverEndpoint: "vpn.example.com",
     pool: { id: "srv2:p1", rosId: "*P1", serverId: "srv2", name: "ipsec-vpn", ranges: "10.77.0.2-10.77.0.254", managed: true },
     sharedModeConfig: { id: "srv2:m1", rosId: "*M1", serverId: "srv2", name: "ipsec-vpn", addressPool: "ipsec-vpn", staticDns: "10.77.0.1", managed: true },
@@ -181,6 +183,7 @@ export default function IpsecPage() {
   const [certOpen, setCertOpen] = useState(false)
   const [certBundle, setCertBundle] = useState<IpsecCertBundle | null>(null)
   const [certClient, setCertClient] = useState<IpsecClientDto | null>(null)
+  const [certByName, setCertByName] = useState<{ serverId: string; name: string } | null>(null)
   const [peerOpen, setPeerOpen] = useState(false)
   const [editingPeer, setEditingPeer] = useState<{ serverId: string; peer: IpsecPeerDto } | null>(null)
   const [pendingDelete, setPendingDelete] = useState<PendingDelete | null>(null)
@@ -318,7 +321,7 @@ export default function IpsecPage() {
 
   /** Подсказка свободного IP из пула выбранного сервера. */
   const freeIpHint = useMemo(() => {
-    const summary = scopedSummaries.find((s) => s.initialized && s.pool)
+    const summary = scopedSummaries.find((s) => s.ike2Ready && s.pool)
     if (!summary?.pool) return undefined
     const taken = scopedClients.map((c) => c.staticIp).filter(Boolean) as string[]
     return findFreePoolIp(summary.pool.ranges, taken) ?? undefined
@@ -388,6 +391,7 @@ export default function IpsecPage() {
       if (res.bundle) {
         setCertBundle(res.bundle)
         setCertClient(res.client ?? null)
+        setCertByName(null)
         setCertOpen(true)
       }
     } catch (e) {
@@ -421,6 +425,7 @@ export default function IpsecPage() {
 
   const openCert = async (client: IpsecClientDto) => {
     setCertClient(client)
+    setCertByName(null)
     setCertBundle(null)
     setCertOpen(true)
     setCertBusy(true)
@@ -438,11 +443,34 @@ export default function IpsecPage() {
     }
   }
 
-  const reexportCert = async (passphrase: string) => {
-    if (!certClient) return
+  /** Экспорт .p12 существующего клиентского серта по имени (client1/anakondra и т.п.). */
+  const openCertByName = async (serverId: string, cert: IpsecCertInfoDto) => {
+    setCertByName({ serverId, name: cert.name })
+    setCertClient(null)
+    setCertBundle(null)
+    setCertOpen(true)
     setCertBusy(true)
     try {
-      const bundle = await exportIpsecUserCert(backendUrl, certClient.serverId, certClient.rosId, passphrase)
+      const passphrase = `mm-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2, 10)}`
+      const bundle = await exportIpsecCertByName(backendUrl, serverId, cert.name, passphrase)
+      setCertBundle(bundle)
+    } catch (e) {
+      toast.error("Ошибка экспорта сертификата", {
+        description: e instanceof Error ? e.message : String(e),
+      })
+      setCertOpen(false)
+    } finally {
+      setCertBusy(false)
+    }
+  }
+
+  const reexportCert = async (passphrase: string) => {
+    if (!certClient && !certByName) return
+    setCertBusy(true)
+    try {
+      const bundle = certByName
+        ? await exportIpsecCertByName(backendUrl, certByName.serverId, certByName.name, passphrase)
+        : await exportIpsecUserCert(backendUrl, certClient!.serverId, certClient!.rosId, passphrase)
       setCertBundle(bundle)
     } catch (e) {
       toast.error("Ошибка экспорта", { description: e instanceof Error ? e.message : String(e) })
@@ -718,6 +746,7 @@ export default function IpsecPage() {
                   onEditPeer={isLive ? openEditPeer : undefined}
                   onDeletePeer={isLive ? (serverId, peer) => setPendingDelete({ kind: "peer", serverId, peer }) : undefined}
                   onDeleteCert={isLive ? (serverId, cert) => setPendingDelete({ kind: "cert", serverId, cert }) : undefined}
+                  onExportCert={isLive ? (serverId, cert) => void openCertByName(serverId, cert) : undefined}
                 />
               </TabsContent>
 
@@ -820,7 +849,7 @@ export default function IpsecPage() {
 
       <IpsecCertSheet
         open={certOpen}
-        onOpenChange={setCertOpen}
+        onOpenChange={(v) => { setCertOpen(v); if (!v) setCertByName(null) }}
         bundle={certBundle}
         busy={certBusy}
         onReexport={reexportCert}

backend/src/routes/ipsec.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import type { FastifyPluginAsyncZod } from "@fastify/type-provider-zod"
 import type { FastifyReply } from "fastify"
 import {
   ipsecCertDeleteRequestSchema,
+  ipsecCertExportByNameRequestSchema,
   ipsecCertExportRequestSchema,
   ipsecInitRequestSchema,
   ipsecPeerPatchSchema,
@@ -18,13 +19,16 @@ import {
   buildClientInstructions,
   buildSswanConfig,
   clientCertName,
-  findFreePoolIp,
   identityDisplayName,
   ipsecManagedComment,
   ipsecUserComment,
+  isIke2RemoteAccessIdentity,
   isIpsecManagedComment,
   parseIpsecUserComment,
   poolRangesFromCidr,
+  resolveIke2CaName,
+  resolveIke2ServerCert,
+  selectIke2Peers,
   userModeConfigName,
 } from "../services/ipsec-config.js"
 import {
@@ -47,7 +51,7 @@ import {
 import {
   ensureCaCertificate,
   ensureServerCertificate,
-  exportClientP12,
+  exportCertificateP12ByName,
   findCertificate,
   issueClientCertificate,
 } from "../services/ipsec-ca.js"
@@ -113,11 +117,11 @@ function takenStaticIps(modeConfigs: Array<{ name?: string; address?: string; "a
 
 async function buildCertBundle(
   client: MikrotikClient,
-  args: { userName: string; serverEndpoint: string; passphrase: string; dns?: string },
+  args: { userName: string; certName?: string; serverEndpoint: string; passphrase: string; dns?: string },
 ): Promise<IpsecCertBundle> {
-  const { fileName, content } = await exportClientP12(client, args.userName, args.passphrase)
+  const certName = args.certName?.trim() || clientCertName(args.userName)
+  const { fileName, content } = await exportCertificateP12ByName(client, certName, args.passphrase)
   const p12B64 = content.toString("base64")
-  const certName = clientCertName(args.userName)
   return {
     user: args.userName,
     serverEndpoint: args.serverEndpoint,
@@ -245,26 +249,35 @@ const ipsecRoutes: FastifyPluginAsyncZod = async (app) => {
     const client = MikrotikClient.fromServer(server)
     try {
       const state = await fetchIpsecState(server)
+      const ike2Peers = selectIke2Peers(state.peers)
       const peer = (body.peerName
         ? state.peers.find((p) => (p.name ?? "").trim() === body.peerName!.trim())
         : undefined)
-        ?? state.peers.find((p) => isIpsecManagedComment(p.comment) || (p.name ?? "").trim() === IPSEC_COMMON_NAME)
+        ?? ike2Peers.find((p) => isIpsecManagedComment(p.comment))
+        ?? ike2Peers.find((p) => (p.name ?? "").trim() === IPSEC_COMMON_NAME)
+        ?? ike2Peers[0]
         ?? state.peers[0]
       if (!peer) {
         return reply.status(400).send({ error: "На роутере нет ни одного IPsec peer — создайте peer на вкладке «Сервер»" })
       }
-      const sharedMc = state.modeConfigs.find((m) => (m.name ?? "").trim() === IPSEC_COMMON_NAME)
-      const caCert = state.certs.find((c) => String(c.name ?? "") === IPSEC_CA_CERT)
-        ?? state.certs.find((c) => String(c["key-usage"] ?? "").includes("key-cert-sign"))
-      const serverCert = state.certs.find((c) => String(c.name ?? "") === IPSEC_SERVER_CERT)
-        ?? state.certs.find((c) => String(c["key-usage"] ?? "").includes("tls-server"))
-      if (body.authMethod === "certificate" && (!caCert || !serverCert)) {
+      const ike2PeerNames = ike2Peers.map((p) => (p.name ?? "").trim()).filter(Boolean)
+      const ike2Identities = state.identities.filter(
+        (i) => isIpsecManagedComment(i.comment) || isIke2RemoteAccessIdentity(i, ike2PeerNames),
+      )
+      const idMcName = ike2Identities
+        .map((i) => (i["mode-config"] ?? "").trim())
+        .find((n) => n && !n.startsWith("mc-ipsec-"))
+      const sharedMc = (idMcName ? state.modeConfigs.find((m) => (m.name ?? "").trim() === idMcName) : undefined)
+        ?? state.modeConfigs.find((m) => (m.name ?? "").trim() === IPSEC_COMMON_NAME)
+      const serverCertRow = resolveIke2ServerCert(state.certs, ike2Peers)
+      const caName = resolveIke2CaName(state.certs, serverCertRow)
+      if (body.authMethod === "certificate" && (!caName || !serverCertRow)) {
         return reply.status(400).send({
           error: "Нет CA/серверного сертификата — для сертификатного клиента запустите мастер или используйте PSK",
         })
       }
       const peerName = (peer.name ?? "").trim()
-      const serverEndpoint = String(serverCert?.["common-name"] ?? "").trim() || server.host
+      const serverEndpoint = String(serverCertRow?.["common-name"] ?? "").trim() || server.host
       const dns = sharedMc?.["static-dns"]?.trim() || undefined
 
       if (body.authMethod === "pre-shared-key" && !body.psk) {
@@ -287,7 +300,7 @@ const ipsecRoutes: FastifyPluginAsyncZod = async (app) => {
       if (body.authMethod === "certificate") {
         const issued = await issueClientCertificate(client, {
           userName: body.name,
-          caCertName: String(caCert!.name ?? IPSEC_CA_CERT),
+          caCertName: caName!,
           daysValid: body.daysValid ?? 1825,
         })
         if (issued.existed) {
@@ -301,7 +314,7 @@ const ipsecRoutes: FastifyPluginAsyncZod = async (app) => {
         modeConfig,
         comment: ipsecUserComment(body.name),
         authMethod: body.authMethod,
-        certificate: body.authMethod === "certificate" ? String(serverCert?.name ?? IPSEC_SERVER_CERT) : undefined,
+        certificate: body.authMethod === "certificate" ? String(serverCertRow?.name ?? IPSEC_SERVER_CERT) : undefined,
         remoteCertificate: certName,
         secret: body.psk,
         remoteId: body.authMethod === "pre-shared-key" ? (body.remoteId ?? body.name) : undefined,
@@ -572,6 +585,39 @@ const ipsecRoutes: FastifyPluginAsyncZod = async (app) => {
     }
   })
 
+  /** Экспорт .p12 существующего клиентского сертификата по имени (client1/anakondra и т.п.). */
+  app.post("/ipsec/certs/:serverId/export", async (req, reply) => {
+    const { serverId } = req.params as { serverId: string }
+    const parsed = ipsecCertExportByNameRequestSchema.safeParse(req.body ?? {})
+    if (!parsed.success) {
+      return reply.status(400).send({ error: "Некорректное тело запроса", details: parsed.error.flatten() })
+    }
+    const { name, passphrase } = parsed.data
+    const server = await getEnabledIpsecServerById(serverIdParam(serverId))
+    if (!server) return reply.status(404).send({ error: "Сервер не найден" })
+    const client = MikrotikClient.fromServer(server)
+    try {
+      const state = await fetchIpsecState(server)
+      const cert = state.certs.find((c) => String(c.name ?? "").trim() === name)
+      if (!cert?.[".id"]) return reply.status(404).send({ error: `Сертификат ${name} не найден` })
+      const serverCertRow = resolveIke2ServerCert(state.certs, selectIke2Peers(state.peers))
+      const serverEndpoint = String(serverCertRow?.["common-name"] ?? "").trim() || server.host
+      const userName = String(cert["common-name"] ?? "").trim() || name
+      const sharedMc = state.modeConfigs.find((m) => (m.name ?? "").trim() === IPSEC_COMMON_NAME)
+      const dns = sharedMc?.["static-dns"]?.trim() || undefined
+      const bundle = await buildCertBundle(client, {
+        userName,
+        certName: name,
+        serverEndpoint,
+        passphrase,
+        dns,
+      })
+      return reply.send(bundle)
+    } catch (e) {
+      return errReply(reply, e)
+    }
+  })
+
   app.get("/ipsec/revisions", async (req, reply) => {
     const q = req.query as { serverId?: string | number }
     const serverId = parseDbServerId(q.serverId)

backend/src/services/certificate-parse.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import assert from "node:assert/strict"
+import {
+  certificateRole,
+  isCaCertificate,
+  mapRosCertificateRow,
+  type RosCertificateRow,
+} from "./certificate-parse.js"
+
+// Реальные серты пользователя: MyCA (root) → vpn-server, client1, anakondra.
+const myCa: RosCertificateRow = {
+  name: "MyCA",
+  "common-name": "MyCA",
+  "key-usage": "key-cert-sign,crl-sign",
+  ca: "",
+  flags: "KAT",
+  authority: "true",
+}
+const vpnServer: RosCertificateRow = {
+  name: "vpn-server",
+  "common-name": "vpn.example.com",
+  "key-usage": "digital-signature,key-encipherment,key-cert-sign,crl-sign,tls-server,tls-client",
+  ca: "MyCA",
+  flags: "KLAT",
+}
+const client1: RosCertificateRow = {
+  name: "client1",
+  "common-name": "client1",
+  "key-usage": "digital-signature,key-encipherment,key-cert-sign,crl-sign,tls-server,tls-client",
+  ca: "MyCA",
+  flags: "KLAT",
+}
+const anakondra: RosCertificateRow = { ...client1, name: "anakondra", "common-name": "anakondra" }
+
+{
+  assert.ok(isCaCertificate(myCa))
+  // default key-usage содержит key-cert-sign, но ca заполнен → не CA
+  assert.ok(!isCaCertificate(vpnServer))
+  assert.ok(!isCaCertificate(client1))
+}
+
+{
+  const ctx = {
+    peerCertNames: ["vpn-server"],
+    identityCertNames: ["client1", "anakondra"],
+  }
+  assert.equal(certificateRole(myCa, ctx), "ca")
+  assert.equal(certificateRole(vpnServer, ctx), "server")
+  // reference-based важнее key-usage: у client1 в key-usage есть tls-server, но он client
+  assert.equal(certificateRole(client1, ctx), "client")
+  assert.equal(certificateRole(anakondra, ctx), "client")
+  // без контекста — по key-usage (default содержит оба, поэтому server)
+  assert.equal(certificateRole({ name: "x", "key-usage": "tls-client" }), "client")
+  assert.equal(certificateRole({ name: "y", "key-usage": "digital-signature" }), "other")
+}
+
+{
+  const dto = mapRosCertificateRow(1, "mt", client1)
+  assert.equal(dto?.signedByCertName, "MyCA")
+  assert.equal(mapRosCertificateRow(1, "mt", myCa)?.signedByCertName, undefined)
+}
+
+console.log("certificate-parse.test.ts: ok")

backend/src/services/certificate-parse.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,60 @@ import type { CertificateDto } from "@mmapp/contracts/certificates"
 
 export type RosCertificateRow = Record<string, string | undefined>
 
+/** Роль сертификата в контексте IPsec/IKEv2. */
+export type CertRole = "ca" | "server" | "client" | "other"
+
+/** Контекст для reference-based определения роли (peer/identity ссылки точнее, чем key-usage). */
+export interface CertificateRoleContext {
+  /** Имена сертификатов из `peer.certificate`. */
+  peerCertNames?: Iterable<string>
+  /** Имена сертификатов из `identity.remote-certificate`. */
+  identityCertNames?: Iterable<string>
+}
+
+function rosTrue(v: string | undefined): boolean {
+  return v === "true" || v === "yes"
+}
+
+/** Флаги RouterOS (`flags` = строка вида "KLAT"). */
+function certFlags(row: RosCertificateRow): string {
+  return (row.flags ?? "").toUpperCase()
+}
+
+/**
+ * CA: `key-cert-sign`, серт self-signed (read-only `ca` пуст).
+ * Только флаг authority/`A` не годится: RouterOS ставит `A` и серверным сертам,
+ * т.к. дефолтный `key-usage` содержит `key-cert-sign`. Реальный признак — отсутствие подписавшего.
+ */
+export function isCaCertificate(row: RosCertificateRow): boolean {
+  const usage = row["key-usage"] ?? ""
+  const signer = (row.ca ?? "").trim()
+  if (signer !== "") return false
+  return certFlags(row).includes("A") || rosTrue(row.authority) || usage.includes("key-cert-sign")
+}
+
+/**
+ * Роль сертификата. Приоритет:
+ * 1. CA (authority / key-cert-sign без подписавшего);
+ * 2. серт из `peer.certificate` → server;
+ * 3. серт из `identity.remote-certificate` → client;
+ * 4. `key-usage` tls-server → server, tls-client → client (reference-based важнее: RouterOS
+ *    дефолт содержит и tls-server, и tls-client).
+ */
+export function certificateRole(
+  row: RosCertificateRow,
+  ctx: CertificateRoleContext = {},
+): CertRole {
+  const name = (row.name ?? "").trim()
+  if (isCaCertificate(row)) return "ca"
+  if (name && new Set(ctx.peerCertNames ?? []).has(name)) return "server"
+  if (name && new Set(ctx.identityCertNames ?? []).has(name)) return "client"
+  const usage = row["key-usage"] ?? ""
+  if (usage.includes("tls-server")) return "server"
+  if (usage.includes("tls-client")) return "client"
+  return "other"
+}
+
 function parseRosDate(raw: string | undefined): Date | null {
   if (!raw?.trim()) return null
   const d = new Date(raw)
@@ -88,6 +142,8 @@ export function mapRosCertificateRow(
     trusted: row.trusted === "true",
     status,
     acmeStatus: row["acme-status"]?.trim() || undefined,
+    /** Имя CA, которым серт подписан на устройстве (read-only поле `ca`). */
+    signedByCertName: (row.ca ?? "").trim() || undefined,
   }
 }
 

backend/src/services/ipsec-ca.ts

@@ -107,15 +107,24 @@ export async function issueClientCertificate(
   return { certName, commonName: args.userName.trim(), existed: false }
 }
 
+/** Экспорт произвольного сертификата по имени (существующие client1/anakondra и т.п.). */
+export async function exportCertificateP12ByName(
+  client: MikrotikClient,
+  certName: string,
+  passphrase: string,
+): Promise<{ fileName: string; content: Buffer; certName: string }> {
+  const name = certName.trim()
+  const cert = await findCertificate(client, name)
+  if (!cert) throw new Error(`Сертификат ${name} не найден на роутере`)
+  const { fileName, content } = await client.exportCertificatePkcs12({ name, passphrase })
+  return { fileName, content, certName: name }
+}
+
 /** Экспорт клиентского .p12 (сертификат + ключ; CA в цепочке) с роутера. */
 export async function exportClientP12(
   client: MikrotikClient,
   userName: string,
   passphrase: string,
 ): Promise<{ fileName: string; content: Buffer; certName: string }> {
-  const certName = clientCertName(userName)
-  const cert = await findCertificate(client, certName)
-  if (!cert) throw new Error(`Сертификат ${certName} не найден на роутере`)
-  const { fileName, content } = await client.exportCertificatePkcs12({ name: certName, passphrase })
-  return { fileName, content, certName }
+  return exportCertificateP12ByName(client, clientCertName(userName), passphrase)
 }

backend/src/services/ipsec-config.test.ts

@@ -9,9 +9,14 @@ import {
   ipsecManagedComment,
   ipsecSlug,
   ipsecUserComment,
+  isIke2Peer,
+  isIke2RemoteAccessIdentity,
   isIpsecManagedComment,
   parseIpsecUserComment,
   poolRangesFromCidr,
+  resolveIke2CaName,
+  resolveIke2ServerCert,
+  selectIke2Peers,
   userModeConfigName,
 } from "./ipsec-config.js"
 
@@ -110,4 +115,45 @@ import {
   assert.ok(text.includes("strongSwan"))
 }
 
+// ── IKEv2-only отбор ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+{
+  const grePeer = { name: "gre-tunnel", "exchange-mode": "ike2", address: "1.2.3.4", passive: "no" }
+  const s2sPeer = { name: "s2s", "exchange-mode": "main", address: "5.6.7.8", certificate: "vpn-server" }
+  const rwPeer = { name: "vpn-server", "exchange-mode": "ike2", address: "0.0.0.0/0", passive: "yes", certificate: "vpn-server" }
+
+  assert.ok(isIke2Peer(rwPeer))
+  assert.ok(!isIke2Peer(s2sPeer))
+
+  const selected = selectIke2Peers([grePeer, s2sPeer, rwPeer])
+  assert.deepEqual(selected.map((p) => p.name), ["vpn-server"])
+  // fallback: нет строгого набора → ike2 + сертификат
+  const fallback = selectIke2Peers([grePeer, { name: "ike2-cert", "exchange-mode": "ike2", certificate: "c" }])
+  assert.deepEqual(fallback.map((p) => p.name), ["ike2-cert"])
+
+  const names = ["vpn-server"]
+  assert.ok(isIke2RemoteAccessIdentity(
+    { peer: "vpn-server", "mode-config": "ipsec-vpn", "auth-method": "rsa-key", certificate: "vpn-server", "remote-certificate": "client1" },
+    names,
+  ))
+  assert.ok(isIke2RemoteAccessIdentity({ peer: "vpn-server", "auth-method": "rsa-key", certificate: "vpn-server" }, names))
+  // GRE/site-to-site PSK-туннели отсеиваются
+  assert.ok(!isIke2RemoteAccessIdentity({ peer: "s2s", "auth-method": "pre-shared-key" }, names))
+  assert.ok(!isIke2RemoteAccessIdentity({ peer: "vpn-server", "auth-method": "pre-shared-key" }, names))
+  // без ограничения по peer (набор пуст) — mode-config/серт всё равно нужен
+  assert.ok(isIke2RemoteAccessIdentity({ peer: "x", "mode-config": "mc" }, []))
+  assert.ok(!isIke2RemoteAccessIdentity({ peer: "x", "auth-method": "pre-shared-key" }, []))
+}
+
+{
+  const myCa = { name: "MyCA", "key-usage": "key-cert-sign,crl-sign", ca: "", flags: "KAT", authority: "true" }
+  const vpnServer = { name: "vpn-server", "key-usage": "digital-signature,key-encipherment,tls-server,tls-client", ca: "MyCA" }
+  const client1 = { name: "client1", "key-usage": "digital-signature,tls-client,tls-server", ca: "MyCA" }
+  const certs = [myCa, vpnServer, client1]
+
+  assert.equal(resolveIke2ServerCert(certs, [{ name: "vpn-server", certificate: "vpn-server" }])?.name, "vpn-server")
+  assert.equal(resolveIke2ServerCert([myCa], [])?.name, undefined)
+  assert.equal(resolveIke2CaName(certs, vpnServer), "MyCA")
+  assert.equal(resolveIke2CaName([vpnServer, client1], vpnServer), undefined)
+}
+
 console.log("ipsec-config.test.ts: ok")

backend/src/services/ipsec-config.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto"
 import { PRODUCT_NAME } from "../managed-markers.js"
+import { isCaCertificate } from "./certificate-parse.js"
 
 // ── managed-маркеры (как у filters/recursive, см. managed-markers.ts) ─────────
 
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ export function parseIpsecUserComment(comment: string | undefined | null): strin
   return m?.[1] ?? null
 }
 
-type IdentityLike = {
+export type IdentityLike = {
   ".id"?: string
   comment?: string
   "remote-id"?: string
@@ -32,7 +33,37 @@ type IdentityLike = {
   peer?: string
 }
 
-type CertLike = { name?: string; "common-name"?: string }
+/** Identity + поля, нужные для отбора IKEv2 remote-access. */
+export interface Ike2IdentityLike extends IdentityLike {
+  certificate?: string
+  "auth-method"?: string
+  "mode-config"?: string
+}
+
+/** Peer (/ip/ipsec/peer). */
+export interface PeerLike {
+  ".id"?: string
+  name?: string
+  address?: string
+  "exchange-mode"?: string
+  passive?: string
+  certificate?: string
+  comment?: string
+}
+
+export interface CertLike {
+  name?: string
+  "common-name"?: string
+  "key-usage"?: string
+  /** read-only: имя CA, которым подписан серт. */
+  ca?: string
+  /** флаги RouterOS (строка вида "KLAT"). */
+  flags?: string
+  authority?: string
+}
+
+/** Строка сертификата RouterOS (raw). */
+type RosRow = Record<string, string | undefined>
 
 /** Отображаемое имя identity: managed user= → сырой comment → remote-id → CN сертификата → peer#id. */
 export function identityDisplayName(i: IdentityLike, certs: CertLike[] = []): string {
@@ -76,6 +107,70 @@ export function userModeConfigName(userName: string): string {
   return `mc-ipsec-${ipsecSlug(userName) || "client"}`
 }
 
+// ── отбор IKEv2 remote-access (без GRE/site-to-site) ────────────────────────
+
+function rosBool(v: string | undefined): boolean {
+  return v === "true" || v === "yes"
+}
+
+function isAnyAddress(a: string | undefined): boolean {
+  const v = (a ?? "").trim()
+  return v === "" || v === "0.0.0.0/0" || v === "::/0"
+}
+
+/** Peer с IKEv2 (exchange-mode ike2). */
+export function isIke2Peer(p: PeerLike): boolean {
+  return (p["exchange-mode"] ?? "").trim().toLowerCase() === "ike2"
+}
+
+/**
+ * Remote-access IKEv2 peers. Строгий набор: ike2 + passive + any-address + сертификат.
+ * Fallback → ike2 + сертификат → любые ike2 (чтобы не потерять существующий сервер).
+ */
+export function selectIke2Peers<T extends PeerLike>(peers: T[]): T[] {
+  const ike2 = peers.filter(isIke2Peer)
+  const strict = ike2.filter(
+    (p) => rosBool(p.passive) && isAnyAddress(p.address) && Boolean((p.certificate ?? "").trim()),
+  )
+  if (strict.length > 0) return strict
+  const withCert = ike2.filter((p) => Boolean((p.certificate ?? "").trim()))
+  return withCert.length > 0 ? withCert : ike2
+}
+
+/**
+ * Identity участвует в IKEv2 remote-access: привязан к IKEv2 peer И имеет mode-config
+ * либо сертификат клиента. PSK-туннели без mode-config/сертификата отсеиваются.
+ * Пустой набор peer-имён → не ограничиваем по peer.
+ */
+export function isIke2RemoteAccessIdentity(
+  i: Ike2IdentityLike,
+  ike2PeerNames?: Iterable<string>,
+): boolean {
+  const names = new Set(Array.from(ike2PeerNames ?? [], (n) => n.trim()).filter(Boolean))
+  if (names.size > 0 && !names.has((i.peer ?? "").trim())) return false
+  const hasModeConfig = Boolean((i["mode-config"] ?? "").trim())
+  const hasRemoteCert = Boolean((i["remote-certificate"] ?? "").trim())
+  const rsaKey = (i["auth-method"] ?? "").trim().toLowerCase() === "rsa-key"
+  return hasModeConfig || hasRemoteCert || (rsaKey && Boolean((i.certificate ?? "").trim()))
+}
+
+/** Серверный серт IKEv2 — из `peer.certificate` (напр. vpn-server), fallback по имени/usage. */
+export function resolveIke2ServerCert<T extends RosRow>(certs: T[], ike2Peers: PeerLike[]): T | undefined {
+  const names = new Set(ike2Peers.map((p) => (p.certificate ?? "").trim()).filter(Boolean))
+  return certs.find((c) => names.has(String(c.name ?? "").trim()))
+    ?? certs.find((c) => String(c.name ?? "").trim() === IPSEC_SERVER_CERT)
+    ?? certs.find((c) => String(c["key-usage"] ?? "").includes("tls-server"))
+}
+
+/** CA для подписи новых клиентов: `ca` серверного серта (MyCA) → managed ipsec-ca → первый CA. */
+export function resolveIke2CaName<T extends RosRow>(certs: T[], serverCert?: T | null): string | undefined {
+  const signed = String(serverCert?.ca ?? "").trim()
+  if (signed && certs.some((c) => String(c.name ?? "").trim() === signed)) return signed
+  if (certs.some((c) => String(c.name ?? "").trim() === IPSEC_CA_CERT)) return IPSEC_CA_CERT
+  const ca = certs.find((c) => isCaCertificate(c))
+  return ca ? String(ca.name ?? "").trim() || undefined : undefined
+}
+
 // ── пул адресов клиентов ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 function ipToInt(b: Array<number | undefined>): number {

backend/src/services/ipsec-live.ts

@@ -17,8 +17,13 @@ import {
   IPSEC_SERVER_CERT,
   clientCertName,
   identityDisplayName,
+  isIke2RemoteAccessIdentity,
   isIpsecManagedComment,
+  resolveIke2CaName,
+  resolveIke2ServerCert,
+  selectIke2Peers,
 } from "./ipsec-config.js"
+import { certificateRole, type CertificateRoleContext } from "./certificate-parse.js"
 import {
   canonicalIpsecSnapshot,
   type IpsecLiveIdentity,
@@ -107,13 +112,13 @@ function asBool(v: string | undefined): boolean {
   return v === "true" || v === "yes"
 }
 
-export function mapCertificate(c: RosCertRow): IpsecCertInfoDto {
+export function mapCertificate(c: RosCertRow, ctx: CertificateRoleContext = {}): IpsecCertInfoDto {
   const name = String(c.name ?? "")
-  const keyUsage = String(c["key-usage"] ?? "")
-  const isCa = keyUsage.includes("key-cert-sign")
-  const isServer = keyUsage.includes("tls-server")
-  const isClient = keyUsage.includes("tls-client")
   const isUser = name.startsWith("ipsec-user-")
+  const role = certificateRole(c, {
+    peerCertNames: ctx.peerCertNames,
+    identityCertNames: ctx.identityCertNames,
+  })
   return {
     name,
     commonName: c["common-name"] || undefined,
@@ -122,8 +127,9 @@ export function mapCertificate(c: RosCertRow): IpsecCertInfoDto {
     expiresAt: c["invalid-after"] || undefined,
     trusted: asBool(c.trusted),
     hasPrivateKey: asBool(c["private-key"]),
-    role: isCa ? "ca" : name === IPSEC_SERVER_CERT || isServer ? "server" : isUser || isClient ? "client" : "other",
-    managed: isCa && name === IPSEC_CA_CERT
+    role,
+    signedBy: (c.ca ?? "").trim() || undefined,
+    managed: (name === IPSEC_CA_CERT && role === "ca")
       || name === IPSEC_SERVER_CERT
       || isUser
       || isIpsecManagedComment(c.comment),
@@ -204,9 +210,10 @@ export async function fetchIpsecState(server: ServerRow): Promise<IpsecServerSta
   return { server, client, peers, identities, modeConfigs, pools, policies, nat, active, certs }
 }
 
-/** Клиенты = все identity роутера (managed + существующие RouterOS). */
+/** Клиенты = identity, участвующие в IKEv2 remote-access (managed + существующие RouterOS). */
 export function mapClients(state: IpsecServerState): IpsecClientDto[] {
   const server = state.server
+  const ike2PeerNames = selectIke2Peers(state.peers).map((p) => (p.name ?? "").trim()).filter(Boolean)
   const mcByName = new Map(state.modeConfigs.map((m) => [(m.name ?? "").trim(), m]))
   const activeByRemote = new Map<string, RosIpsecActivePeer>()
   for (const a of state.active) {
@@ -215,6 +222,7 @@ export function mapClients(state: IpsecServerState): IpsecClientDto[] {
   }
 
   return state.identities
+    .filter((i) => isIpsecManagedComment(i.comment) || isIke2RemoteAccessIdentity(i, ike2PeerNames))
     .map((i): IpsecClientDto => {
       const comment = i.comment ?? ""
       const managed = isIpsecManagedComment(comment)
@@ -257,38 +265,70 @@ export function mapClients(state: IpsecServerState): IpsecClientDto[] {
 
 export function mapServerSummary(state: IpsecServerState, clients: IpsecClientDto[]): IpsecServerSummaryDto {
   const server = state.server
-  const managedPeer = state.peers.find((p) => isIpsecManagedComment(p.comment))
-    ?? state.peers.find((p) => (p.name ?? "").trim() === IPSEC_COMMON_NAME)
-  /** Для отображения: managed peer, иначе первый существующий peer роутера. */
-  const primaryPeer = managedPeer ?? state.peers[0]
-  const sharedMc = state.modeConfigs.find(
-    (m) => (m.name ?? "").trim() === IPSEC_COMMON_NAME || (isIpsecManagedComment(m.comment) && !(m.name ?? "").startsWith("mc-ipsec-")),
+  const ike2Peers = selectIke2Peers(state.peers)
+  const ike2PeerNames = ike2Peers.map((p) => (p.name ?? "").trim()).filter(Boolean)
+  const ike2Identities = state.identities.filter(
+    (i) => isIpsecManagedComment(i.comment) || isIke2RemoteAccessIdentity(i, ike2PeerNames),
   )
+
+  const managedPeer = ike2Peers.find((p) => isIpsecManagedComment(p.comment))
+    ?? ike2Peers.find((p) => (p.name ?? "").trim() === IPSEC_COMMON_NAME)
+  /** Для отображения: managed IKEv2 peer, иначе первый существующий IKEv2 peer. */
+  const primaryPeer = managedPeer ?? ike2Peers[0]
+
+  // mode-config, на который ссылаются IKEv2 identity (не персональный mc-ipsec-*), fallback managed shared
+  const idMcName = ike2Identities
+    .map((i) => (i["mode-config"] ?? "").trim())
+    .find((n) => n && !n.startsWith("mc-ipsec-"))
+  const sharedMc = (idMcName ? state.modeConfigs.find((m) => (m.name ?? "").trim() === idMcName) : undefined)
+    ?? state.modeConfigs.find((m) => (m.name ?? "").trim() === IPSEC_COMMON_NAME)
+    ?? state.modeConfigs.find((m) => isIpsecManagedComment(m.comment) && !(m.name ?? "").startsWith("mc-ipsec-"))
   const pool = sharedMc
     ? state.pools.find((p) => (p.name ?? "").trim() === (sharedMc["address-pool"] ?? "").trim())
       ?? state.pools.find((p) => isIpsecManagedComment(p.comment))
     : undefined
-  const caCert = state.certs.find((c) => String(c.name ?? "") === IPSEC_CA_CERT)
-    ?? state.certs.find((c) => String(c["key-usage"] ?? "").includes("key-cert-sign"))
-  const serverCert = state.certs.find((c) => String(c.name ?? "") === IPSEC_SERVER_CERT)
-    ?? state.certs.find((c) => String(c["key-usage"] ?? "").includes("tls-server"))
+
+  const serverCertRow = resolveIke2ServerCert(state.certs, ike2Peers)
+  const caName = resolveIke2CaName(state.certs, serverCertRow)
+  const caCertRow = caName ? state.certs.find((c) => String(c.name ?? "").trim() === caName) : undefined
+
+  const roleCtx: CertificateRoleContext = {
+    peerCertNames: ike2Peers.map((p) => (p.certificate ?? "").trim()).filter(Boolean),
+    identityCertNames: ike2Identities.map((i) => (i["remote-certificate"] ?? "").trim()).filter(Boolean),
+  }
+  const referencedCertNames = new Set<string>([
+    ...(roleCtx.peerCertNames ?? []),
+    ...(roleCtx.identityCertNames ?? []),
+    ...ike2Identities.map((i) => (i.certificate ?? "").trim()).filter(Boolean),
+  ])
+  // только IKEv2-релевантные серты: CA сервера, referenced peer/identity и подписанные этим CA
+  const relevantCerts = state.certs.filter((c) => {
+    const n = String(c.name ?? "").trim()
+    if (caName && n === caName) return true
+    if (referencedCertNames.has(n)) return true
+    return Boolean(caName) && (c.ca ?? "").trim() === caName
+  })
+
+  const caCert = caCertRow ? mapCertificate(caCertRow, roleCtx) : undefined
+  const serverCert = serverCertRow ? mapCertificate(serverCertRow, roleCtx) : undefined
   const natRuleManaged = state.nat.some((r) => isIpsecManagedComment(r.comment) && r.chain === "srcnat")
   return {
     serverId: String(server.id),
     serverName: String(server.name ?? "").trim() || String(server.host ?? server.id),
     serverCountry: server.country ?? undefined,
     initialized: Boolean(managedPeer && caCert && serverCert),
-    serverEndpoint: serverCert ? String(serverCert["common-name"] ?? "") || undefined : undefined,
+    ike2Ready: Boolean(ike2Peers.length > 0 && caCert && serverCert),
+    serverEndpoint: serverCertRow ? String(serverCertRow["common-name"] ?? "") || undefined : undefined,
     peer: primaryPeer ? mapPeer(server, primaryPeer) : undefined,
-    peers: state.peers.map((p) => mapPeer(server, p)),
+    peers: ike2Peers.map((p) => mapPeer(server, p)),
     pool: pool ? mapPool(server, pool) : undefined,
     sharedModeConfig: sharedMc ? mapModeConfig(server, sharedMc) : undefined,
-    caCert: caCert ? mapCertificate(caCert) : undefined,
-    serverCert: serverCert ? mapCertificate(serverCert) : undefined,
+    caCert,
+    serverCert,
     natRuleManaged,
     clientsTotal: clients.length,
     clientsOnline: clients.filter((c) => c.online).length,
-    certs: state.certs.map(mapCertificate),
+    certs: relevantCerts.map((c) => mapCertificate(c, roleCtx)),
   }
 }
 

components/ipsec/ipsec-server-grid.tsx

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { Badge } from "@/components/ui/badge"
 import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button"
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils"
 import {
+  DownloadIcon,
   GlobeIcon,
   KeyRoundIcon,
   NetworkIcon,
@@ -91,9 +92,11 @@ function PeerRow({
 function CertRow({
   cert,
   onDelete,
+  onExport,
 }: {
   cert: IpsecCertInfoDto
   onDelete?: (cert: IpsecCertInfoDto) => void
+  onExport?: (cert: IpsecCertInfoDto) => void
 }) {
   const roleLabel = cert.role === "ca" ? "CA" : cert.role === "server" ? "сервер" : cert.role === "client" ? "клиент" : "прочий"
   return (
@@ -107,22 +110,41 @@ function CertRow({
           {cert.trusted === false ? <Badge variant="outline" className="text-[10px]">не trusted</Badge> : null}
         </div>
         <p className="truncate font-mono text-[10px] text-muted-foreground">
-          {[cert.commonName, cert.expiresAt ? `до ${cert.expiresAt}` : undefined].filter(Boolean).join(" · ") || "—"}
+          {[
+            cert.commonName,
+            cert.signedBy ? `подписан ${cert.signedBy}` : undefined,
+            cert.expiresAt ? `до ${cert.expiresAt}` : undefined,
+          ].filter(Boolean).join(" · ") || "—"}
         </p>
       </div>
-      {onDelete ? (
-        <Button
-          type="button"
-          size="icon"
-          variant="ghost"
-          className="size-7 shrink-0 text-destructive"
-          aria-label="Удалить сертификат"
-          title="Удалить сертификат"
-          onClick={() => onDelete(cert)}
-        >
-          <Trash2Icon className="size-3.5" />
-        </Button>
-      ) : null}
+      <div className="flex shrink-0 gap-0.5">
+        {onExport && cert.role === "client" ? (
+          <Button
+            type="button"
+            size="icon"
+            variant="ghost"
+            className="size-7"
+            aria-label="Скачать .p12"
+            title="Скачать .p12 (сертификат + ключ)"
+            onClick={() => onExport(cert)}
+          >
+            <DownloadIcon className="size-3.5" />
+          </Button>
+        ) : null}
+        {onDelete ? (
+          <Button
+            type="button"
+            size="icon"
+            variant="ghost"
+            className="size-7 shrink-0 text-destructive"
+            aria-label="Удалить сертификат"
+            title="Удалить сертификат"
+            onClick={() => onDelete(cert)}
+          >
+            <Trash2Icon className="size-3.5" />
+          </Button>
+        ) : null}
+      </div>
     </div>
   )
 }
@@ -134,6 +156,7 @@ export interface IpsecServerGridProps {
   onEditPeer?: (serverId: string, peer: IpsecPeerDto) => void
   onDeletePeer?: (serverId: string, peer: IpsecPeerDto) => void
   onDeleteCert?: (serverId: string, cert: IpsecCertInfoDto) => void
+  onExportCert?: (serverId: string, cert: IpsecCertInfoDto) => void
 }
 
 function IpsecServerGrid({
@@ -143,6 +166,7 @@ function IpsecServerGrid({
   onEditPeer,
   onDeletePeer,
   onDeleteCert,
+  onExportCert,
 }: IpsecServerGridProps) {
   return (
     <div className="grid gap-3 md:grid-cols-2 xl:grid-cols-3">
@@ -157,14 +181,21 @@ function IpsecServerGrid({
                   {s.serverEndpoint ?? "endpoint не определён"}
                 </p>
               </div>
-              {s.peers.length > 0 ? (
-                <Badge className="gap-1">
-                  <ShieldCheckIcon className="size-3" />
-                  {s.peers.length} peer
-                </Badge>
-              ) : (
-                <Badge variant="outline">нет peer</Badge>
-              )}
+              <div className="flex shrink-0 flex-col items-end gap-1">
+                {s.ike2Ready ? (
+                  <Badge className="gap-1">
+                    <ShieldCheckIcon className="size-3" />
+                    IKEv2 готов
+                  </Badge>
+                ) : null}
+                {s.peers.length > 0 ? (
+                  <Badge variant="outline" className="gap-1">
+                    {s.peers.length} peer
+                  </Badge>
+                ) : (
+                  <Badge variant="outline">нет peer</Badge>
+                )}
+              </div>
             </div>
 
             <div className="flex flex-col gap-1.5">
@@ -198,6 +229,7 @@ function IpsecServerGrid({
                       key={c.name}
                       cert={c}
                       onDelete={onDeleteCert ? (cert) => onDeleteCert(s.serverId, cert) : undefined}
+                      onExport={onExportCert ? (cert) => onExportCert(s.serverId, cert) : undefined}
                     />
                   ))}
                 </div>

components/ipsec/ipsec-user-sheet.tsx

@@ -151,7 +151,13 @@ function IpsecUserSheet({
               />
             </FormField>
             {!editing ? (
-              <FormField label="Аутентификация" required>
+              <FormField
+                label="Аутентификация"
+                required
+                hint={form.authMethod === "certificate"
+                  ? "CA и серверный серт берутся из уже настроенного IKEv2 (напр. MyCA + vpn-server); новый клиент подписывается этим CA"
+                  : undefined}
+              >
                 <div className="flex gap-1.5">
                   <Button
                     type="button"

packages/contracts/src/certificates.ts

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ export const certificateDtoSchema = z.object({
   trusted: z.boolean(),
   status: certStatusSchema,
   acmeStatus: z.string().optional(),
+  /** Имя CA, которым серт подписан на устройстве (read-only поле `ca` RouterOS). */
+  signedByCertName: z.string().optional(),
 })
 
 export const certificatesListResponseSchema = z.object({

packages/contracts/src/ipsec.ts

@@ -77,6 +77,8 @@ export const ipsecCertInfoDtoSchema = z.object({
   trusted: z.boolean().optional(),
   hasPrivateKey: z.boolean().optional(),
   role: z.enum(["ca", "server", "client", "other"]).optional(),
+  /** Имя CA, которым серт подписан на устройстве (read-only поле `ca` RouterOS). */
+  signedBy: z.string().optional(),
   managed: z.boolean(),
 })
 
@@ -87,6 +89,8 @@ export const ipsecServerSummaryDtoSchema = z.object({
   serverCountry: z.string().optional(),
   /** Managed-набор (CA + серверный серт + peer + mode-config) инициализирован. */
   initialized: z.boolean(),
+  /** Существующий IKEv2-сервер пригоден: есть peer + CA + серверный серт. */
+  ike2Ready: z.boolean(),
   serverEndpoint: z.string().optional(),
   /** Primary managed peer (обратная совместимость); для полного списка — `peers`. */
   peer: ipsecPeerDtoSchema.optional(),
@@ -176,6 +180,12 @@ export const ipsecCertExportRequestSchema = z.object({
   passphrase: z.string().min(4),
 })
 
+/** Экспорт .p12 существующего клиентского сертификата по имени (client1/anakondra и т.п.). */
+export const ipsecCertExportByNameRequestSchema = z.object({
+  name: z.string().min(1),
+  passphrase: z.string().min(4),
+})
+
 /** Бандл для авторизации клиента: .p12 (+ strongSwan .sswan + инструкция). */
 export const ipsecCertBundleSchema = z.object({
   user: z.string(),
@@ -209,5 +219,6 @@ export type IpsecInitRequest = z.infer<typeof ipsecInitRequestSchema>
 export type IpsecUserCreateRequest = z.infer<typeof ipsecUserCreateRequestSchema>
 export type IpsecUserPatch = z.infer<typeof ipsecUserPatchSchema>
 export type IpsecCertExportRequest = z.infer<typeof ipsecCertExportRequestSchema>
+export type IpsecCertExportByNameRequest = z.infer<typeof ipsecCertExportByNameRequestSchema>
 export type IpsecCertBundle = z.infer<typeof ipsecCertBundleSchema>
 export type IpsecUserCreated = z.infer<typeof ipsecUserCreatedSchema>

shared/api/ipsec.ts

@@ -97,6 +97,19 @@ export async function exportIpsecUserCert(
   )
 }
 
+export async function exportIpsecCertByName(
+  baseUrl: string,
+  serverId: string,
+  name: string,
+  passphrase: string,
+): Promise<IpsecCertBundle> {
+  return requestJson<IpsecCertBundle>(
+    baseUrl,
+    `/api/ipsec/certs/${encodeURIComponent(serverId)}/export`,
+    { method: "POST", body: JSON.stringify({ name, passphrase }) },
+  )
+}
+
 export async function restoreIpsecRevision(
   baseUrl: string,
   revisionId: string,